Running can continue until they decide to stop running or one of them is "run out" same term as in baseball or play is stopped for some other reason. It can be readily seen that when the batsmen make an odd number of runs they end up at the opposite ends of the pitch from where they were before, and when they make an even number of runs they end up at the same end as before.
A batsman is run out by having the wicket at his end broken while he is out of his ground. There are also two umpires on the field. One side bats while the other fields, just as in baseball, and similarly one side attempts to score runs while the other side tries to stop them, and the side with the most runs wins.
Although there are rules governing substitutions, substitutions are very restricted; it is not very inaccurate to say that all 22 players play the entire match, although of course members of the batting side who are not actually batting are getting some rest on the side of the field.
Although two batsmen are on the field at the same time, only one of them is batting at a given time. The bowler is required to "bowl" the ball, not throw it, which means that his elbow is not allowed to straighten just before he releases the ball. Most bowlers take a "run-up", a running start before delivering the ball; when the bowler releases the ball, his front foot cannot land completely in front of the popping crease at his end of the pitch; some part of the foot must be behind this line.
Each batsman continues batting, scoring as many runs as he can with his partner at the other wicket, until he is dismissed.
Since two batsmen are needed to make runs, once ten members of a side have been dismissed, the last batsman is left without a partner; he is said to be "not out" and the innings of that side is over. Each side has two innings plural same as singular , and when each side has completed its two innings, the side with the most runs wins.
This is not as simple as it sounds, because cricket matches almost always have a previously agreed time limit, generally in days, with the hours of play for each day specified in advance. If both sides do not complete their innings within the time specified, the match is a draw, regardless of the score. In cricket, a draw and a tie are not the same thing. A draw is a match that is not completed; a tie is a match that is completed with the scores even.
Therefore to lose a cricket match you have to have your two complete innings and still not get as many runs as your opponents. If the number of runs needed for a side to win is too many for them to make, they can still play to achieve a draw and deprive their opponents of the win by avoiding being "all out" before "stumps" the end of the match, when the umpires pull the stumps from the ground.
Match lengths are generally agreed upon in advance as a certain number of days, with the hours of play on each day specified, as well as the breaks to be taken for lunch and tea. The most important international matches "tests" between sides supposedly representing the best their countries have to offer are generally scheduled for five days.
A schoolboy match on an uneven pitch might on the other hand be completed in an afternoon. Delays caused by weather do not change the time scheduled for the end of the match. So a match scheduled initially for five days may end up having to be played in fewer. The provision that a side must get the other side completely out twice to win a match makes for interesting strategy. A side playing in a 5-day match who find themselves batting extremely well might find themselves still batting on their third day, with prospects of continuing on into a fourth.
But even if they bat all five days and score a thousand runs, the match is still a draw if the other side never gets to bat. Therefore, the Laws allow the captain of a side to "declare" his innings over, even if ten batsmen haven't yet been dismissed, once he is satisfied with his run total at that stage of the match.
Then he can send in the other side to bat and begin the business of getting them all out. Often when a match has been shortened by rain or other delays, both captains will use declarations in an attempt to reach a result before the end of the match.
Knowing when to declare the end of his second innings requires real skill on the part of the captain. Once he declares, his side cannot make any more runs in that match.
So he must not declare too soon, or he may not have a big enough lead to keep the other side from winning in the time remaining. But if he waits too late to declare, he may not be able to get the other side all out, and thus the match will be a draw. In between these two extremes is the area of the "sporting" declaration, in which any of the three outcomes four, counting a tie is possible. Sometimes more than one outcome is still possible coming into the very last balls of play, and when this happens at the end of a five-day buildup of tension, cricket can produce the most intense excitement of any sport on earth, in spite of its reputation for being dull.
And of course, to be honest, when the outcome of a match is obvious several days before it is over, a cricket match can indeed be incredibly boring. But even then the knowledgeable fan can get enjoyment from seeing a well-played hit or a difficult defensive play.
To someone who knows nothing of the rules of basketball or football, a game can still be exciting because of the action involved. But to someone who knows nothing about cricket or baseball, there is no way on earth to make either game exciting. This gives the basics of the overall aims and strategies of cricket. Now we turn our attention to what is happening on the field.
A bowler delivers the ball from his end of the pitch six times to the batsman at the opposite wicket. This group of six deliveries is called an "over". During an over, if no runs are scored a "maiden over" or runs are scored only in even numbers of runs, the bowler may face the same batsman for all six balls. Or if an odd number of runs is scored, he may face one of the two batsmen on the field and then the other.
Or he may face more than two batsmen in an over, if one is dismissed and replaced by another member of the batting side. So there is no concept in cricket corresponding precisely with an "at-bat" in baseball: two batsmen are really batting at the same time, with the one who happens to be at the end opposite the bowler at a given time receiving the deliveries.
The time when two batsmen bat together is called their "partnership", among other terms; a partnership lasts usually from one dismissal to another. By the way, when a batsman is dismissed, this does not always involve the breaking of a wicket, but a dismissal is usually referred to as the "fall of a wicket". The more usual cricket language for the last clause above would be "a partnership lasts from the fall of one wicket to the fall of the next. Bowlers deliver the ball to the batsmen in different ways.
By variations in the "pitch" and "flight" of the ball where the ball bounces on the pitch and how it moves through the air , the bowler attempts to establish a sequence leading to dismissal much in the same way a baseball pitcher plans a sequence that will end with leading a batter to get out.
Fast or "pace" bowlers take a long runup to get speed on their deliveries, since they aren't allowed to snap their elbows and throw wrist action is allowed. Classic bowling theory sends these bowlers in at the start of the match, when the ball is new and shiny and whips through the air.
Later, when the ball has been scuffed up a bit, slower bowlers come in who use spin and angles to try to dismiss the batsmen. There are several ways for a batsman to be given out. Therefore he is "given out" by the umpire, not "put out" by the fielding side.
Of course in normal conversation nobody can ever remember this distinction. A batsman is out run out if at any time while the ball is in play no part of his bat or person is grounded behind the popping crease and his wicket is fairly put down by the opposing side. A batsman is not given out run out if he can be given out Stumped. There are ten ways a batsman can be out — five are very common and five very rare.
More often than not a batsman will be caught, bowled, given leg before wicket lbw , run out or stumped. The five other ways to lose your wicket range from the uncommon to the almost unseen. India saw the back of two batsmen with this Umesh Yadav delivery.
India lost the toss on Day 1 of the Pune Test against Australia and were made to work hard by the openers before they finally got a reason to celebrate.
English Language Learners Definition of wicket US : any one of the series of curved wires in the ground that the ball must be hit through in the game of croquet. Lost Ball is also termed when the Ball is hit out of stadium. A player getting out in this form of cricket does not retire but continues to bat but is penalized a stipulated number of runs for each time he gets out. White Kookaburra balls are used in one-day and Twenty20 international matches, while red Kookaburras are used in test matches played in most of the ten test-playing nations, except for the West Indies and England, who use Dukes, and India, who use SG balls.
Hit Wicket: If, in attempting to hit a ball or taking off for a first run, the batsman touches and breaks the wicket. This includes with the bat or dislodged pieces of the batsman's equipment - even a helmet or spectacles!
Handle The Ball: If a batsman touches the ball with a hand not currently holding the bat, without the permission of the fielding side. This does not include being hit on the hand by a delivery, or any other non-deliberate action. Obstructing The Field: If a batsman deliberately interferes with the efforts of fielders to gather the ball or effect a run out.
This does not include running a path between the fielder and the wicket so that the fielder cannot throw the stumps down with the ball, which is quite legal, but does include any deliberate attempt to swat the ball away. Hit The Ball Twice: If a batsman hits a delivery with his bat and then deliberately hits the ball again for any reason other than to defend his wicket from being broken by the ball. If the ball is bouncing or rolling around near the stumps, the batsman is entitled to knock it away so as to avoid being bowled, but not to score runs.
Timed Out: If a new batsman takes longer than two minutes, from the time the previous wicket falls, to appear on the field. These methods of getting out are listed in approximate order of how commonly they occur. The first five are reasonably common, the last five quite rare. The last three methods are almost never invoked.
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