Stories of his alleged war crimes in the battles of Wyoming Valley massacre and Cherry Valley massacre fueled racial hatred toward the Indians for the next 50 years. End of the American War of the Independence brought great misfortune for Indians. After being betrayed by Great Britain, Indians lost all of their ancestral lands. American administration launched several attacks against them, and Brant saw no other way than to gather all willing Indian tribes into Western Coalition.
This great struggle ended in the when Indians chiefs all but one, famous Mohawk chief Tecumseh signed the Treaty of Greenville. Later in November , Brant traveled to England to discuss native roles in the War along with land disputes. During the trip, the British aristocracy came to adore Brant.
He made many influential friends, and they showered him with gifts. The British ruling class, so impressed by Brant, promised him that the native loyalists would be used in the war.
Brant returned to America in July of and participated in the British campaign to retake New York. The young Mohawk and Percy quickly formed a lifelong friendship. Percy would be the only white man which Brant would remain close with after the war. After the New York campaign, Brant returned to the Six Nations, where he rallied the tribes for war against the American colonists.
The continentals razed the city, leaving buildings burned, cattle dead, and crops reaped. Brant, as a response, led the attack which became known as the Cherry Valley Massacre. During the attack, Seneca forces sought out innocents killing at least thirty civilians. His dream ultimately was undermined by factionalist jealousies among the First Nations , by American opposition, and finally by British betrayal.
Because their tract of land was too small for hunting, Brant feared that Indigenous people would have to learn agriculture to survive. To provide income, he hoped to lease or sell land to non-Indigenous people. A complicated controversy with the government arose over the nature of Indigenous land tenure, with Brant and other Mohawk leaders fighting for the right of their people to own the lands on which they lived.
At the same time, some of the Grand River Indigenous people expressed discontent over disposition of the money. For decades, from to his death in , Brant fought in vain with the British and Upper Canada governments for the rights of his people to obtain title to the lands of the Grand River Valley. Like his sister Mary , Brant became known for his diplomatic work, especially as a leader of Indigenous tribes who fought for the right to remain on their ancestral lands.
They had two children: Isaac, who died after a fight with his father by most accounts, Joseph Brant was acting in self-defense , and Christina. In , she also died of tuberculosis. Little is known about her. Her son later became a Mohawk chief. Buried at his Burlington home, he was later reinterred, along with the remains of his son John, beside Mohawk Chapel in Brantford , ON in November Taylor, Alan.
New York: Knopf, Podcast Mount Vernon Everywhere! Bibliography Chernow, Ron. Washington: A Life.
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