The final step of the outlining process is to repeat this procedure on the smallest level, with the original notes that you took for your essay. To order what probably was an unwieldy and disorganized set of information at the beginning of this process, you need now only think of a sentence or two to support your general argument.
Under the category "Fundraising," for example, you might have quotes about each candidate's estimation of its importance, statistics about the amount of time each candidate spent fundraising, and an idea about how the importance of fundraising never can be overestimated. Sentences to support your general argument might read: "No candidate has ever raised too much money [your idea].
While both McCain and Bush acknowledged the importance of fundraising [your quotes], the numbers clearly point to Bush as the superior fundraiser [your statistics]. Putting It All Together. With these sentences, you have essentially constructed an outline for your essay. The most general ideas, which you organized in your first sentence, constitute the essay's sections. They follow the order in which you placed them in your sentence. The order of the smaller categories within each larger category determined by your secondary sentences indicates the order of the paragraphs within each section.
Finally, your last set of sentences about your specific notes should show the order of the sentences within each paragraph.
An outline for the essay about the Republican Primary showing only the sections worked out here would look something like this:. Original Idea. Campaign Contributions. Ad Expenditure. Skip to main content. Main Menu Utility Menu Search. Contact Us. Still, you'll want to outline that story in chronological order, or an order that will make sense to the reader.
It'll help you focus on better organization. And, if you've been tasked with a narrative essay, here are all your Tips for Writing a Personal Narrative Essay. Whether you use a keyword outline or a fuller essay outline, this rough sketch will set you up for success. Generally speaking, there are two main types of outlines: keyword and sentence. A keyword outline provides a quick overview of the topics you'd like to cover.
In any outline, you should always begin with your thesis statement at the top of the page. It indicates which areas to elaborate on. Think of your syllabus for a college course. Typically, professors use a keyword outline structure to detail topics that will be covered throughout your time together.
Here's a sample of an informative essay outline:. Thesis Statement : Traveling solo is something that can and should be learned today. Conclusion : Reiterate importance of area knowledge, accommodation choice, and personal transformation through self-reflection in a journal.
To read the full essay that came from this keyword outline, check out Examples of Informative Essays. A sentence outline is more detailed. Like a keyword outline, you'll want to include your thesis statement at the top. Then, use top-level bullet points to draft the full topic sentence for each paragraph. Under each of these topic sentences, provide supporting facts and evidence.
Here's a sample from a persuasive essay:. Thesis Statement : Organized religion has lasted through the centuries because people need a way to draw together in fellowship. People need to feel a sense of community, even if they're loners living at home who connect with other "homebodies" through the Internet. Religion directly and organically nurtures a sense of community and camaraderie. An outline seems like extra work, but in reality, it creates less work for you in the actual act of writing your essay.
Your thoughts will flow more freely and in a more organized manner. Best of all, when done thoughtfully, a smart outline will even alleviate the editing process. For more inspiration, check out these Essay Examples. They explore the most common types of essays and offer samples for you to review. All rights reserved.
Greater Focus In an essay, your thesis statement is the light at both the beginning and end of the tunnel. An outline is not a script of your speech with the exact text you want to say, nor is it a rigid structure that you must follow exactly when giving your speech. Think of your outline as a skeleton — a tool for delivery of extemporaneous speaking.
It will serve as the backbone of your speech, providing you with a solid structure on which to build. However, it is your job to then to it flesh out and enrich it. Use your creative flare to make the bare bones more appealing and accessible to your audience. As its name suggests, a preparation outline helps you lay out the main topics and sub-points of your speech. Describe the purpose of a preparation outline, and the different preparation outline styles used by speech writers.
A preparation outline is a precursor to your speech outline. As its name suggests, a preparation outline helps you prepare your speech. Presentations that require significant research, visual aids, or other type of content outside of speech rehearsal usually require organization and preparation in the form of an outline. An outline is a list of items organized according to a consistent principle.
Each item may be divided into additional sub-items or sub-points. A preparation outline consists of three main sections, which includes the introduction, body, and conclusion.
It also includes the title of the speech. Preparation Outline : Some word processing programs have pre-made outline templates that will make outlining your speech even easier. The types of preparation outlines for speeches vary. However, it is up to you to evaluate the style most appropriate for the speech, as well as the best form to assist you. Common outline styles include sentence outlines, topics outlines, chronological outlines, and alphanumeric outlines. While sentence outlines follow a hierarchical structure composed of sentences and headings around the subject of the speech, topics outlines are comprised of topics and subtopics.
Alphanumeric outlines include a prefix in the form of a roman numeral at the top level, upper-case letters for the next level, arabic numerals for the third level, and lowercase letter for the final level. If, for example, you have separate visual aids for the introduction, main points in the body of your speech, and your conclusion, than using a sentence style for your preparation outline may be more appropriate. Your preparation outline will start with the introduction, along with a list of the points you would like to cover before launching into the body of your speech.
This may include a preview of the main topic, an attention-grabbing quote or statistic to support the main argument of your presentation.
The body of your speech will contain the details and descriptors to support the main point, topic, or argument of the speech. Here you will state each of the main points or topics you covered in your introduction, followed by supporting facts and details. Sub-topics should be added underneath each main topic covered in the body of the preparation outline. No matter what type of speech you are giving, every preparation outline should have a conclusion.
The conclusion allows you to re-state and emphasize your main topic or argument mentioned in the introduction in a summary or list of key points. Moreover, you should identify how you will end your speech for the audience. Remember, an outline is simply your guide.
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